Fig. 2

A windswept-deformity patient characterized by a significant degree of malalignment in the lower extremities’ coronal plane, corresponding to a coronal spinal imbalance. A The patient’s right valgus knee and left varus knee. B The association of windswept deformity with trunk shift, typically toward the valgus knee side, as signified by the deviation of the C7 plumb line (red downward arrow) from the central sacral line (yellow vertical line). “d” represents the deviation distance, with a coronal spinal imbalance being defined as this distance exceeding 2 cm. C Substantial alignment enhancement in the lower extremities post the application of the staged, phenotype-considered kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty procedure