Table 3 Characteristics of studies applying frailty indices
Study | Frailty index | Validation cohort | Outcomes | Risk of bias (NOS) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Meyer et al. [15] | HFRS | Retrospective chart review | Surgical | 1.156 (0.605–2.210) | 6/9 (high) | ||||
Medical | 1.851 (0.441–7.769) | ||||||||
Overall | 1.677 (0.660–4.263) | ||||||||
Zamanzadeh et al. [20] | aamFI, mFI-5 | NSQIP | Any complication | rTHA | 2.08 (1.84–2.36) | 8/9 (high) | |||
rTKA | 2.36 (2.00–2.78) | ||||||||
30-day mortality | rTHA | 13.50 (3.18–57.26) | |||||||
rTKA | 14.58 (1.92–110.66) | ||||||||
30-day unplanned readmission | rTHA | 1.19 (0.99–1.43) | |||||||
rTKA | 2.02 (1.64–2.51) | ||||||||
Non-home discharge | rTHA | 5.18 (4.60–5.83) | |||||||
rTKA | 3.15 (2.79–3.56) | ||||||||
Kyaw et al.,[16] | HFRS | NRD | 30-day Readmission | Mechanical Loosening | 1.97 (1.66–2.32) | 6/9 (High) | |||
Postoperative infection | 1.70 (1.50–1.93) | ||||||||
Instability | 2.09 (1.62–2.66) | ||||||||
Prolonged length of stay (LOS) | Mechanical Loosening | 1.45 (1.42–1.49) | |||||||
Postoperative Infection | 1.71 (1.67–1.75) | ||||||||
Instability | 1.72 (1.65–1.79) | ||||||||
Cost of Hospitalization | Mechanical Loosening | 1.14 (1.12–1.16) | |||||||
Postoperative Infection | 1.15 (1.13–1.18) | ||||||||
Instability | 1.20 (1.16–1.24) | ||||||||
Tram et al. [17] | HFRS CARDE-B | NRD | 30-day readmission | Mechanical Loosening | 1.88 (1.56–2.25) | 6/9 (High) | |||
Postoperative infection | 1.53 (1.36–1.73) | ||||||||
Dislocation | 1.96 (1.76–2.18) | ||||||||
Prolonged LOS | Mechanical Loosening | 1.77 (1.72–1.83) | |||||||
Postoperative infection | 1.72 (1.68–1.77) | ||||||||
Dislocation | 1.85 (1.81–1.90) | ||||||||
Cost of hospitalization | Mechanical Loosening | 1.30 (1.26–1.33) | |||||||
Postoperative infection | 1.30 (1.28–1.33) | ||||||||
Dislocation | 1.32 (1.29–1.34) | ||||||||
Raad et al. [18] | HFRS CARDE-B | ACS-NSQIP | 30-day mortality risk factors | Age > 65 years | 6.83 (3.00–15.55) | 7/9 (High) | |||
BMI < 25 kg/m2 | 2.36 (1.46–3.81) | ||||||||
Hypoalbuminemia | 3.99 (2.38–6.70) | ||||||||
Congestive heart failure | 4.88 (2.28–10.44) | ||||||||
Dependent for activities of daily living | 2.67 (1.56–4.57) | ||||||||
Traven et al. [19] | mFI-5 | Retrospective chart review | Adverse discharge | rTKA | 1.31 (1.24–1.38) | 7/9 (High) | |||
rTHA | 1.29 (1.21–1.36) | ||||||||
30-day readmission | rTKA | 1.13 (1.03–1.24) | |||||||
rTHA | 1.19 (1.09–1.30) | ||||||||
30-day mortality | rTKA | 1.85 (1.33–2.57) | |||||||
rTHA | 1.78 (1.40–2.25) | ||||||||
Momtaz et al., [21] | MFI | NSQIP | Readmission | 2.50 (2.10–3.00) | 7/9 (high) | ||||
Complication | 3.20 (2.80–3.60) | ||||||||
Adverse discharge | 3.80 (3.40–4.30) | ||||||||
Delayed stay (> 10 days) | 5.10 (4.20–6.10) | ||||||||
Mortality | 18.80 (6.70–52.80) | ||||||||