Table 1 Demographic characteristics and comorbidities of patients undergoing TKA, stratified by conventional and robot-assisted TKA (RA-TKA)
From: Access to robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty varies significantly by race/ethnicity
Characteristic | Total sample (%) | Conventional TKA (%) | RA-TKA (%) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 47,898 | 39,338 (82.1%) | 8560 (17.9%) | |
Age (range) | 67.6 (18–90) | 67.7 (18–90) | 67.2 (25–90) | < 0.001 |
Women | 29,098 (60.8%) | 24,037 (61.1%) | 5061 (59.1%) | 0.001 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
White | 36,469 (76.1%) | 29,500 (75.0%) | 6969 (81.4%) | < 0.001 |
Black | 5313 (11.1%) | 4593 (11.7%) | 720 (8.4%) | |
Hispanic | 3618 (7.6%) | 3101 (7.9%) | 517 (6.0%) | |
Asian | 1383 (2.9%) | 1204 (3.1%) | 179 (2.1%) | |
Other | 1115 (2.3%) | 940 (2.4%) | 175 (2.0%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) (range) | 32.9 (14.8–91.6) | 32.9 (14.8–91.6) | 33.0 (15.7–67.0) | 0.03 |
Outpatient setting | 35,645 (74.4%) | 29,175 (74.2%) | 6470 (75.6%) | 0.01 |
ASA class | ||||
1 | 391 (0.8%) | 307 (0.8%) | 84 (1.0%) | 0.03 |
2 | 21,692 (45.3%) | 17,924 (45.6%) | 3768 (44.0%) | |
3 | 25,240 (52.7%) | 20,638 (52.5%) | 4602 (53.8%) | |
4 | 573 (1.2%) | 468 (1.2%) | 105 (1.2%) | |
5 | 2 (0.0%) | 1 (0.0%) | 1 (0.01%) | |
Functional status | ||||
Independent | 47,401 (99.0%) | 38,902 (98.9%) | 8499 (99.3%) | 0.004 |
Partially dependent | 493 (1.0%) | 433 (1.1%) | 60 (0.7%) | |
Totally dependent | 4 (0.01%) | 3 (0.01%) | 1 (0.01%) | |
History of diabetes | 9259 (19.3%) | 7662 (19.5%) | 1597 (18.7%) | 0.08 |
Current smoker | 3191 (6.7%) | 2582 (6.6%) | 609 (7.1%) | 0.06 |
History of COPD | 1585 (3.3%) | 1275 (3.2%) | 310 (3.6%) | 0.08 |
Ascites | 6 (0.01%) | 3 (0.01%) | 3 (0.03%) | 0.04 |
History of CHF | 1567 (3.3%) | 1313 (3.3%) | 254 (3.0%) | 0.08 |
Hypertension | 31,584 (65.9%) | 25,936 (65.9%) | 5648 (66.0%) | 0.93 |
Preoperative AKI | 12 (0.03%) | 11 (0.03%) | 1 (0.01%) | 0.39 |
On Dialysis | 63 (0.1%) | 55 (0.1%) | 8 (0.1%) | 0.28 |
On immunosuppressants | 2062 (4.3%) | 1745 (4.4%) | 317 (3.7%) | 0.002 |
Bleeding disorder | 983 (2.1%) | 842 (2.1%) | 141 (1.7%) | 0.004 |
Preoperative blood transfusion | 13 (0.03%) | 12 (0.03%) | 1 (0.01%) | 0.34 |
Preoperative infection (SIRS/sepsis) | 222 (0.5%) | 201 (0.5%) | 21 (0.3%) | 0.001 |