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Table 2 Comparison between male and female patients between the United Arab Emirates and South Korea

From: Do knee alignment patterns differ between Middle Eastern and East Asian populations? A propensity-matched analysis using artificial intelligence

 

Males

Females

UAE (n = 1130)

South Korea (n = 2262)

p-Value

UAE (n = 1066)

South Korea (n = 2130)

p-Value

Age

46.8 ± 15.1

47.5 ± 15.1

0.196

50.6 ± 12.7

51.2 ± 12.5

0.238

Body mass index (kg/m2)

31.2 ± 6.2

25.5 ± 3.4

 < 0.001

31.1 ± 6.3

24.6 ± 4.2

< 0.001

Kellgren–Lawrence grade

 0

487 (43.1%)

1188 (52.5%)

 

326 (30.6%)

701 (32.9%)

 

 1

234 (20.7%)

363 (16.0%)

 

186 (17.5%)

316 (14.8%)

 

 2

191 (16.9%)

449 (19.8%)

 

251 (23.6%)

648 (30.4%)

 

 3

164 (14.5%)

204 (9.0%)

 

220 (20.7%)

357 (16.8%)

 

 4

55 (4.9%)

58 (2.6%)

 

82 (7.7%)

108 (5.1%)

 

Hip-knee-ankle angle

175.2 ± 3.9

177.4 ± 3.5

< 0.001

174.9 ± 4.4

177.2 ± 4.4

< 0.001

Medial proximal tibial angle

85.8 ± 2.8

86.5 ± 2.5

< 0.001

87.0 ± 2.8

87.2 ± 2.6

0.053

Lateral distal femoral angle

87.9 ± 2.5

86.9 ± 2.3

< 0.001

87.9 ± 3.1

87.3 ± 2.8

< 0.001

Joint line convergence angle

2.3 ± 1.8

2.2 ± 2.0

0.254

3.6 ± 2.5

2.5 ± 2.9

< 0.001

Arithmetic HKA

−2.1 ± 4.1

−0.4 ± 3.3

< 0.001

−0.9 ± 4.1

−0.2 ± 3.6

< 0.001

Arithmetic JLO

173.7 ± 3.5

173.4 ± 3.5

0.016

174.8 ± 4.1

174.5 ± 4.1

0.034

CPAK

      

 1

480 (42.4%)

551 (24.4%)

 

295 (27.7%)

422 (19.8%)

 

 2

331 (29.3%)

958 (42.4%)

 

326 (30.6%)

751 (35.3%)

 

 3

131 (11.6%)

416 (18.4%)

 

171 (16.1%)

413 (19.4%)

 

 4

74 (6.5%)

105 (4.6%)

 

87 (8.2%)

155 (7.3%)

 

 5

77 (6.8%)

142 (6.3%)

 

106 (10.0%)

222 (10.4%)

 

 6

31 (2.7%)

80 (3.5%)

 

56 (5.3%)

115 (5.4%)

 

 7

4 (0.4%)

2 (0.1%)

 

17 (1.6%)

17 (0.8%)

 

 8

1 (0.1%)

5 (0.2%)

 

4 (0.4%)

20 (0.9%)

 

 9

2 (0.2%)

3 (0.1%)

 

3 (0.3%)

15 (0.7%)

 
  1. HKA, hip-knee-ankle angle; JLO, joint line obliquity; CPAK, coronal plane alignment of the knee